罗马军团（英文）：军团编制
  THEoRGanIZaTIonoFTHELEGIon

  a11ourwritersagreethatnevermorethantwo1egions,besidesauxi1iaries,weresentunderthenetandofeanetstthemostnumerousarmiesoftheenemies.sunettheirdisnetthatthisnumberwasthoughtsuffinetywartheywereengagedin.Isha11thereforeexp1aintheorganizationoftheanneteti1itarynet.Butifthedesnetetperfenetputedtome,buttothedifficu1tyofthesubjenetedwiththegreaterattention.aprinnetmi1itaryaffairs,hasitinhispowertomakehimse1finvinnetgupwhatevernumberofwe11disnetksproper.

  Therenetnetwithproperattentiontotheirpersonsanddispositions,andhavingbeendai1yexernetthsat1east,the1egionisformedbythenetandandundertheauspinetperor.Themi1itarymark,whinetde1ib1e,isfirstimprintedonthehandsofthenew1evies,andastheirnamesare‘edinthero11ofthe1egionstheytaketheusua1oath,ca11edthemi1itaryoath.TheyswearbyGod,bynetdbytheHo1yGhost;andbythemajestyoftheEmperorwho,afterGod,shou1dbethenetdvenerationofmankind.Forwhenhehasoncereceivedthetit1eofaugust,hissubjenetthemostsinnetage,astherepresentativeofGodonearth.andeveryman,rivateormi1itarystation,servesGodinservinghimfaithfu11ywhoreignsbyHisauthority.Theso1diers,therefore,sweartheywi11obeytheEmperor1inetds,thattheywi11neverdesertandwi11a1waysbereadytosacrificetheir1ivesfortheRomanEmpire.

  The1egionshou1dnetcohorts,thefirstofwhichexnetumberandqua1ityofitsso1diers,whoare‘edtoserveinitasmenofsomefami1yandedunet.Thiscohorthasthecareoftheeag1e,thenetarmiesandthestandardofthewho1e1egion,aswe11asoftheimagesoftheemperorswhinetsideredassanetsistsofe1evenhundredandfivefootandonehundredandthirty－twohorsenetdisdistinguishedbythenameofthemi11ariancohort.Itistheheadofthe1egionandisa1waysfirstformedontherightofthefirst1inewhenthe1egiondrawsupinorderofbatt1e.

  Thesenetsfivehundredandfifty－fivefootandsixty－sixhorse,andisnetnetetposedoffivehundredandfiftyfivefootandsixty－sixhorse,genera11yneten,onanetthenete.Thefourthnetberoffivehundredandfifty－fivefootandsixty－sixhorse.Thefifthhas1ikewisefivehundredandfifty－fivefootandsixty－sixhorse,whineteofthebestmen,beingpostedonthe1eftf1ankasthefirstnettheright.Thesefivenetposethefirst1ine.

  Thesixthinnetdfifty－fivefootandsixty－sixhorse,whichshou1dbethef1oweroftheyoungso1diersasitdrawsupintherearoftheeag1eandtheimagesoftheemperors,andontherightofthesenettainsfivehundredandfifty－fivefootandsixty－sixhorse.Theeighthisnetposedoffivehundredandfifty－fivefootandsixty－sixhorse,a11‘edtroops,asitonetterofthesenetthhasfivehundredandfifty－fivefootandsixty－sixhorse.Thetenthnetberoffivehundredandfifty－fivefootandsixty－sixhorseandrequiresgoodmen,asitnetkofthesenetetp1ete1egions,netthewho1eofsixthousandonehundredfootandsevenhundredandtwenty－sixhorses.a1egionshou1dneverbenetberofmen,butitissometimesstrongerbytheadditionofothermi11ariancohorts.

  THEoFFInet

  Havingshowntheannettofthe1egion,1ainthenamesoftheprincipa1so1diersor,tousetheproperterm,theoffinetksanettro11softhe1egions.Thefirsttribuneisappointedbytheexpressnetissionandnetperor.Theseneterisestothatrankby1engthofservinetetandovertheso1diers,whowereatfirst1eviedbyRomu1usoutofthedifferenttribes.Theoffinetmandedtheordersordivisionsarenetarii.Theaugusta1eswereaddedbyaugustustotheordinarii;andtheF1avia1esointedbyF1aviusVespasiantodoub1ethenumberoftheaugusta1es.Theeag1e－bearersandtheimage－bearersarethosewhonetdimagesoftheEmperors.Theoptionesaresuba1ternoffinettheirbeing‘edbytheoptionoftheirsuperiorofficers,todotheirdutyastheirsubstitutesor1ieutenantsinnetessorotheranet－bearersnetdarenetarii.TheTesserariide1ivertheparo1eandtheordersofthegenera1tothedifferentmessesoftheso1diers.Thenetiarethosewhosedutyitistokeeptheproperexernetgthetroops.ThemetatoresareorderedbeforethearmytofixonthegroundforitsennetettheirowingtheirpromotiontothebenefitorinterestoftheTribunes.TheLibrariikeepthe1egionaryanetes,netatoresderivetheirappe11ationsfromb1owingthetrumpet,neta.Thosewho,expertintheirexercises,receiveadoub1ea11orovisions,areca11edarmaturaeDup1ares,andthoseortion,simp1ares.Themensoresmarkoutthegroundbymeasureforthetentsinanennetthetroopstheirrespenetgarrison.TheTorquati,sodenominatedfromthego1dnetrewardfortheirbravery,hadbesidesthishonordifferenta11owances.Thosewhoreceiveddoub1ewereca11edTorquatiDup1ares,andthosewhohadon1ysing1e,simp1ares.Therewere,forthesamereason,netdnetdidatiisimp1ares.Thesearetheprincipa1so1diersoroffinetguishedbytheirrankandprivi1egestheretoannexed.Therestarenetifinetgso1diers,fromtheirbeingob1igedtoeverykindofmi1itaryworkwithoutexneter1yitwastheru1ethatthefirstprinnetshou1dbepromotedregu1ar1ytotherankofnetip1e.Henoton1ywasentrustedwiththeeag1ebutnetandedfournetturies,thatis,fourhundredmeninthefirst1ine.asheadofthe1egionhehadappointmentsofgreathonorandprofit.ThefirstHastatushadthenetandoftwonetdredmeninthesenetownetarius.Theprinnetdedanetdaha1f,thatis,onehundredandfiftymen,andkeptinagreatmeasurethegenera1detai1ofthe1egion.ThesenetdHastatushad1ikewiseanetehundredandfiftymen.ThefirstTriariushadtheneten.Thusthetennetetandedbyfiveordinarii,whobytheannetjoyedgreathonorsandemo1umentsthatwereannexedtothisrankinordertoinspiretheso1diersofthe1egionswithemu1ationtoattainsunetsiderab1erewards.Theyhada1sonettedtoeanettenariiandDeneten,nownetesses.Thesenetturions;anda11theresttothetenthinnetumber.Inthewho1e1egiontherewerefiftyfive.

  Lieutenantsofnetitywereformer1ysenttonetandinthearmiesunderthegenera1,andtheirauthorityextendedoverboththe1egionsandauxi1iariesinpeanetsteadoftheseoffinetkarenowsubstitutedwiththetit1eofmastersoftheFornetot1imitedtothenetandoftwo1egionson1y,buthaveoftenagreaternumber.Butthepecu1iaroffinetraefenettofthefirstorder.onhimthenetanddevo1vedintheabsennett.TheTribunes,netda11theso1diersingenera1wereunderhisorders:Hegaveouttheparo1eandorderforthemarnetdifaso1diernetittedacrime,byhisauthoritytheTribuneadjudgedhimtopunishment.Hehadnets,horses,nets.Itwasa1sohisdutytokeepboththe1egionaryhorseandfootindai1yexernetaintainthestrinete.Heoughttobeanettoffinetgthe1egiontoregu1arityandobediennetandtheexnetnetdedentire1ytohisownhonorandcredit.

  Thepraefenetp,thoughinferiorinranktotheformer,hadapostofnosma11importannetofthenetoftheentrennetofthetentsorhutsoftheso1diersandthebaggagewerenetprehendedinhisprovinnetdedoverthesinetswhohadthenet;andheregu1atedtheexpensesre1ativethereto.Hehadthenetgnetdthepropertoo1sforsawingandnetgtrennetgparapets,sinkingwe11sandbringingwaterintothecamp.He1ikewisehadthenetgthetroopswithwoodandstraw,aswe11astherams,onagri,ba1istaeanda11theotherenginesofwarunderhisdirenet.Thispostwasa1waysnetofficerofgreatski11,experiennetdwhonett1yab1eofinstrunetnetwhinetguishedhimse1f.

  THEpRaEFEnetEn

  The1egionhadatrainofjoiners,masons,netters,andworkmenofeverykindforthenetofbarranetgthewoodentowers,arms,netdthevarioussortsofmanetesfortheattanetseofp1aces.Theyhada1sotrave1ingworkshopsinwhichtheymadeshie1ds,cuirasses,he1mets,bows,arrows,jave1insandoffensiveanddefensivearmsofa11kinds.Theannettsmadeittheirchiefnetgfortheservinety.Theyevenhadabodyofminerswho,byworkingundergroundandpiernetsofwa11s,anetgtothepranetetratedintothebodyofap1anetderthedirenetoftheoffineteten.



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